Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (TGF-β1) menjadi perantara fibrosis interstisial, atrofi tubular, dan kerusakan gromelurus ginjal. Proteinuria menunjukkan prognosis yang buruk pada sindroma nefrotik. Terdapat kecenderungan persisten proteinuria pada sindroma nefrotik resisten steroid. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk membuktikan hubungan kadar Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (TGF-Î…
Background: The quantitative assays are important tests in the management of patients with HIV-1/AIDS. The important step in developing the assay is the availability of the standard HIV-1 RNA. For this purpose, we optimized in vitro HIV-1 RNA transcription to produce the standard HIV-1 RNA. Methods: The HIV-1 DNA was amplified from pNL43 by PCR using a primer pair that was specific for conse…
On 2003, neonatal mortality rate was 25 per miles in Indonesia, with 50 percents are caused by low birth weight infant (LBWI).A complication of LBWI is respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). 36% cases ofLBWI were between 1.001 and 1.250 grams and 22% were between 1.251 and 1.500 grams. The purpose of this research was to determine correlation between LBWI and infant respiratory distress syndr…
Maternal age is the main known risk factor of Down syndrome. Recently some researchershave suggested that there may be certain environmental factors that increase the risk of thecondition. This study aimed to estimate the association of Down syndrome and maternal age ilecontrolling for maternal education, family income and environmental factors. This study was analytic-…
alpitation is a common presenting symptom in the emergency department. Wolf-Parkinson White (WPW) syndrome is a cardiac conduction disorder that may present with palpitation and lead to sudden cardiac death. WPW could be detected by electrocardiogram (ECG). In this case report, we present two young male patients with WPW syndrome admitted to our hospital with history of repeated and progressiv…
hypokalemia, defined as a plasma potassium concentration
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with low serum testosterone levels, as demonstrated by epidemiological and interventional approaches. Coversely, low testosterone levels induce MS. These mechanisms reinforce one another and induce a visious cycle. Testosterone sunstritution mechanisms of MS by by verious pathways. Typical clinicalsigns and symptoms, together with treatment history can iden…
Steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) due to nephrotic syndrome type 2 (NPHS2) gene mutation has more severe clinical manifestation than those without mutation. This study was designed to find NPHS2 gene mutation in 412C→T and 419delG in Indonesian SRNS and to see differences in clinical manifestation. The observational cross sectional study was performed on 88 SRNS. Subjects were taken…