Diphtheriae is an reemerging infectious disease widespread in the world. Bacterial infection of Corynebacterium diphtheria usually not invasive, but the bacteria can produce toxins that cause pathological effects on the heart muscle and other organs, and a 10-17% death-risk was occurred. Diphtheriae can be prevented by immunization. Immunizations are given to infants at the age of 0-11 mon…
Severe Acute Respiratory Infection ( SARI ) pneumonia is an acute infection process of lung tissues with symptoms including fever, cough and difficulty breathing. Data showed that deaths in children < 5 years with pneumonia was approximately 30%. The objective of this article is to analyse the characteristics of the SARI cases in Indonesia in 2008-2009. The data analyzed were part of the dat…
Background: Gonorrhea is one of sexually transmitted infections that have become a major health problem especially among female sex workers (FSW) in Indonesia. The objective of this article is to identify the relationship between treatment seeking behaviors, the sites of study and gonorrhea among FSW. Methods: The data that analyzed derived from cross sectional study and the respondents wer…
Background:Previous studies in Indonesia with a limited sample of HIV-1 subtypes revealed that HIV-1 subtype distribution and mode of transmission differed between the regions. This analysis aimed to describe subtypes and mode of transmission of HIV-1 in wider area in Indonesia. Methods:This analysis used a part of HIV/AIDS cross sectional study in seven provinces in Indonesia in 2011 among …
Background: Influenza A has a potential to become a pandemic, in the early stages is difficult to differentiate influenza to influenza-like illnesses. Therefore, the dominant clinical symptoms are the important keys to predict influenza A infection in patients with influenza-like illnesses (ILI). The aim of this study is to identify additional dominant symptoms associated to influenza A in Indo…