Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common disease caused by human enterovirus (HEV). The symptoms and signs of infection among children typically present with vesicular exanthema on the soles of their feet, the palms of their hands and in their mouths, causing discomfort and feeding difficulties. The disease is caused by mainly Coxsackie virus A16 (CVA16) serotype. It has recently be…
Candida albicans is an opportunistic-pathogen fungus which cause a variety of diseases in human, such as oral thrush, skin lesion, vulvovaginitis and gastrointestinal candidiasis. The oral cavity's mucous is a good habitat for the growth of micro-organisms. It is due to the ecological environment which support colonization, including the Candida. Several steps of Candida colonization in the ora…
Most children now seen to had teeth that grew irregularly. Thus causing the position of the teeth become crowded. In medical terms this situation was called malocclusion. Maloclusion is not fit relationship when the teeth at upper jaw and lower jaw where meet. The prevalence of malocclusion in Indonesia was still high, around 80%. There are various factors that caused the occurrence of ma loc…