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Urtikaria Dan Angioedema: Tinjauan Faktor Penyebab; Alergi Atau Pseudoalergi
Urticaria is a circumscribed, erythermatous or white, usually pruritic plaque that changes in size and shape by peripheral extension oe regression during the few hours or days that the individual lesion exist. Hypersensitivity to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), resulting in urticaria qnd angioedema, is being observed with increasing frequency. Prevalence rates range from 0.1-0.3%, which is partly due to the large size of the exposed (at risk) population. Some predisposing factors for these cutaneous reactions have been identified, among them the presence of atopic history, female sex, young adulthood, ahistory of chronic urticaria and the use of the NSAID for the relief of acute pain.
The last decade has seen some notable advances in the understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of common forms of urticaria and their management. Several clinical trials have demonstrated the ejJicacy of novel treatment approaches for urticaria, while other therapeutic concepts are under development. The objective of th is article was to review the literature to be able to offer the readers comprehensive and updated information on the basic etiological and physiopathological mechanisms and to make special emphasis on the current management of urticaria, thus promoting continuous medical education.
Key words: urticaria - angioedema - pseudoallergy - allergy - NSAID
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