Leaves and stem of tomato (Lycopersion esculentum Mill) has been traditionaly used as insect repellent as it’s specific odor. They contain alkoloid, saponin, tritepenoid-steroid, flavonoid, tannin and glycoside. Using of tomato leaves and stem as insect repellent should be supported by the scientific studies. This study aims to determine whether the tomato leaves and stem can be used as insec…
The human has developed a variety of immunologic defense for bearing with many different characteristics of bacteria. This defence mechanisms were provided by natural immunity, spesific immunity or both. Two types of pathogenic microorganisms illustrates the main feature of immunity to microbes: extracellular bacteria and intracellular bacteria. Extracellular bacteria such as staphylococcus, St…