Introduction: From the influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance in Indonesia, we learned that there was disagreement between virus culture and reverse trancriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). This implies the need to evaluate whether virus culture is still a relevant method to be used in ILI surveillance. Methods: The ILI specimens obtained from 20 ILI sentinels in In…
Aim Between July 2005 and May 2008, Indonesia reported 133 H5N1 confi rmed human cases with a case fatality proportion of 81%. Fifty-four percent of cases had a history of direct contact with poultry (chickens). Therefore, it is important to defi ne the detection of antibody of H5N1 among people who have intensive contact with poultry have been exposed to H5N1 viruses. Methods We collected sera…
Influenza A/HeN1 virus is a major cause of epidemic influenza in poultry in Indonesia since 2003. Furthermore,Influenza A/H5N1 is considered to threat human health when the human first case was detected in Indonesia in July 2005 and until May 2008, the number of human cases is increasing. The study to determine risk factor of exposure to influenza A/H5N1 virus in collector-house workers was con…