Breast cancer may progress from an atypical lesion. Angiogenesis has an important role in the growth, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer, which can be reflected through the microvascular density (MVD). Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are stromal cells that can produce pro-angiogenic factor su ch as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and induce matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9…
Aim: to determine whether serum HER-2/neu level could be used as a prognostic factor in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) and metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Methods: a prospective cohort study was done in LABC and MBC patients in dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta from April 2006 to March 2008. Serum concentration of HER-2/neu was measured by ELISA done before and after chemotherapy. HER-…