Each suction cigarette smoke contains free radicals 1015 and a substance that can tngger the formation 0/ free radicals in the lung tissue. Tracheal cartilage is part 0/ the respiratory system: Tracheal cartilage damage can be detected from the cell Ieondrosit elements. Vitamin C as an anti-oxidant has been ShOl1Jf1 to neutralize the effects of free radicals in the alveoli and the trachea pithe…
Indonesia menjadi bulan-bulanan iklan rokok karena kita belum meratifikasi Dokumen Konvensi Internasional Pengendalian Tembakau (Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) sehingga konsumsi rokok dikalangan anak-anak dan remaja sebagai target pasar makin meningkat. Lembaga Indonesia Tobacco Control Network menyebutkan dana yang dibutuhkan untuk mengatasi dampak rokok mencapai Rp. SI triliun…
Arthritis is a disease of tile joints that causes pain and musculoskeletal st i ffuess, and may cause limitation of joint movement. Age, obesity, smoking behavior, and occupation are risk factors for rheumatic diseases. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the role of body mass index (BMI), smoking behavior, and occupation on rheumatic disease among persons of productive age in In…
Smoking habits among middle-age and elderly in Indonesia is relatively high. The main objective of this study is to present the prevalence of Cardio Vascular Diseases (CVDs) and it’s risk factors (smoking and socio-demography) among middle-aged men in Indonesia. Data for this analysis was a part of Basic Health Survey (BHS) 2007. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, history of…
Exposure to cigarette can affect the pregnancy, one miscarriage risk. SCientific evidence shows that exposure to smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of fetal death and disorder. Exposure to environmental factors, smoking is a cause of abortion other than matemal factors and fetal factors. The aim of research to determine the effect of smoking on pregnant women exposure on the inddence o…
Smoking increases the risk of death by 70% compared to nonsmokers. Mortality in smokers 5-8 times earlier than nonsmokers. These health problems can be caused by nicotine from cigarette smoke inhaled by smokers. Several studies have shown levels of tar, carbonmonokside, nicotine and particle in higher cloves cigarette filters. The impact of substances contained in cigarette smoke is inhaled may…
Marker of stress in human could be seen by increased level of cortisol in the blood. The higher level of stress, the higher cortisol level in the blood. Smoking would accelerate the release of endorphin in the central nervous system which causes a sense of happy and then stress trigger will be reduced. According to Sholeh in 2001, tahajud could reduce the level of cortisol in the human body. Th…
The prevalence of hypertension from January-June 2008 in District Kembang Public Health Health Centre Westre Jakarta is still high. Hyperension ranks third after Acute Respiratory Tract Infection and tuberculosis. According to the literature, the prevalence of hypertensio is seen as early as 20-40 years and smokers tend to develop hypertenstion faster than non-smokers. For this Reasion, we hav…
For years heart disease prevalence have increased. Result of Basic Health Researach (known as Rised Keseahatan Dasar-Riskesdas) 2007 showed that heart is the second major cause of death after stroke in mortality cases in Indonesia. As a matter of fact, other researches results indicate that smoking as a risk factor for heart disease and most of smoker are poor people. Indonesian government guar…