Macro and micro vascular diseases are currently the principal causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetes mellitus patients. Loss of the modulatory role of the endothelium may be a critical and in'itiating factor in the development of diabetic vascular disease. Polyphenol is known behave protective active compound to function endothelium cell. Polyphenol that contained in brown algae was phlo…
Smoking habits among middle-age and elderly in Indonesia is relatively high. The main objective of this study is to present the prevalence of Cardio Vascular Diseases (CVDs) and it’s risk factors (smoking and socio-demography) among middle-aged men in Indonesia. Data for this analysis was a part of Basic Health Survey (BHS) 2007. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, history of…
Trans fatty acid can be found in partially hydrogenated vegetable oil such as margarine so it is more solid and not easy become rancid. Trans fatty rancid is also can be found in fried food, biscuit, bakery products and foof from ruminant animal like beef, veal and milk. High intake of trans fatty acid will increase low density lipoprotein (DL) and decrease high density lipoprotein (HDL). World…
Transformasi luar biasa di bidang ekonomi urbanisasi telah menguah struktur demografi social di Indonesia sehingga menyebabkan pereseran dalam pola makan dan penyebab kematian. Sebagai penyebab kematian utama, epidemic penyakit kardiovaskuler telah menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang serius. Masaah menjadi lebih sulit dengan adanya beban ganda penyakit yakni penyakit-penyakit tidak menula…