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Etiological Aspect in the Prevention of Congenital Heart Diseases (Aspek Etiologi dan Pencegahan Kelainan Jantung Bawaan/KJB)
Preventive measurement for Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) should be based on the etiologic aspects. Genetic factors account for 8 percent the cases, while primary environmental for only 2 percent and 90 percent pf the cases are caused by genetic-environmental interaction (multifactorial inheritance) Primary environmental factors could be reduced by vaccination of girls against Rubella and by avoiding drugs known as cardiac teratogens. Genetic counseling may be needed if the heart defect is a part of syndrome, and specific risk counseling during pregnancy may be clarified by amniocentesis. For a heart defect to occur, there must be a genetic predisposition, environmental factors and exposure, which occur in the vulnerable period. Knowning the prevalence of a specific heart defect in the general population, the recurrent risk in the family can be predicted empirically.
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