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Kompetensi Vektorial Anopheles maculatus, Theobald di Kecamatan Kokap, Kabupaten Kulonprogo

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Malaria is still a health problem in Kulonprogo Regency, particularly in the Kokap Subdistrict. In the last two years indicate that in 2009, 1 out of 5 villages in Kokap Subdistrict were considered as malarious areas with Low Case Incidence (LCI). In the year of 2010, it increased to 3 villages. The increase of malaria cases in Kokap Subdistrict was related to the presence of Anopheline mosquitoes which serve as potential vector. Several species such as Anopheles maculatus, An. aconitus, and An. balabacensis are suspected as potential malaria vectors in this area. The objective of this study was to determine the vectorial competence of An. maculatus consisting of: the An. maculatus mosquitoes susceptibility to Plasmodia, its anthropophilic characteristics, the parity rate, and the mosquito density. The susceptibility of mosquito to Plasmodia was measured by detection of sporozoite protein antigen (Circum Sporozoite Protein/ CSP) of P. falciparum or P. vivax on the head-thorax of all parous mosquitoes. The anthropophilic characteristics were measured by detection of human blood on the abdomen of blood fed and half gravid mosquitoes. Both of these were done by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA) technique. The study was conducted from May until October 2011 in two villages i.e: Tegiri and Gunungrego, Kokap Subdistrict. The Anopheline mosquitoes were collected using the landing and resting mosquito collection technique both indoors and outdoors, at night (18.00-06.00) as well as in the morning (06.00-08.00) according to the WHO guideline. The density of An. maculatus was calculated and its parity was determined by microscopic ovary dissection. The result showed that An. maculatus in Gunungrego was susceptible to P. vivax with a sporozoite rate of 3.57 %. However, CSP antigen of P. vivax was not detected in the head-thorax of mosquitoes from Tegiri. CSP antigen of P. falciparum was negative in the head-thorax of mosquitoes both from Gunungrego and Tegiri villages. The proportion of An. maculatus fed on human (Human Blood Index / HBI) was 40,00 % in Tegiri and 33,33 % in Gunungrego. The parity rate of An. maculatus and its density was found higher in Tegiri than in Gunungrego.

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Series Title

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Call Number

Media Litbangkes, 23(2): 47-57

Publisher

Jakarta : Sekretariat Badan Litbang Kesehatan., 2013

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ISBN/ISSN

0853-9987

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Subject(s)

malaria
anopheles

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