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Faktor Risiko Karsinoma Nasofaring (Risk Factors of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma)
ABSTRACT
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is among five major malignancies in Indonesia and the primary malignant tumor in men. Literature review was conducted to study the risk factors for nasopharyngeal carcinoma using books and journals since 2002-2012. Risk factors with a strong and consistent correlation: Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) and family history of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Risk factors with moderate to strong and consistent correlation: regular consumption of salted fish and human leukocyte antigen class I genotypes. Risk factors with weak to moderate correlation, less consistent: less fruit and vegetables consumption, smoking, chronic respiratory tract infections, and preserved foods. Risk factors with weak correlation, not consistent: inhalation, herbal medicine, occupational exposures, formaldehyde. Alcohol was not asspciated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Key words: Epstein Barr virus, risk factor, nasopharyngeal carcinoma
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