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Inkriminasi Vektor Malaria dan Identifikasi Pakan Darah Pada Nyamuk Anopheles Spp di Kecamatan Borobudur, Kabupaten Magelang (Malaria Vector Incrimination and Blood Meals Identification of Anophelene Mosquitoes in Borobudur Subdistrict, Magelang Regency)

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Malaria is still a health problem in Magelang Regency, especially in the Borobudur Subdistrict. The Annual Parasite lncidence (API) in the last two years were 0.19 in 2004 and increased 0.34 in 2005. were considered as malarious areas with Low Case incidence (LCI). The increase ofmalaria cases in Borobudur Subdistrict is related to the presence of Anopheline mosquitoes which serve as potential vector. The vectorial competence of Anopheline mosquitoes in Borobudur Subdistrict has not been reported yet. Several species such as Anopheles aconitus. An. maculatus, An. barbirostris and An. balabacensis are suspected as potential malaria vectors in this area. The objective of this study was to determine the Anophelene mosquitoes susceptibility to Plasmodia and its anthropophilic characteristics. The sucseptibolity of mosquito to Plasmodia was measured by detection of sporozoite protein antigen (Circum Sporozoite Protein/CSP) of P. falciparum or P vivax on the head-thorax of all parous mosquites. The anthropophilic charactertic was measured by detection of human blood on the abdomen of blood fed and half grafid mosquitoes. Both of these were done by Elisa technique. A study was conducted from January to May 2001 in two HCL villages i.e: Giripurno and Giritengah, Borobudur Subdistrict. The Anophelene mosquitoes were collected using the resting mosquito collection technique both indoors and outdoors, at night (18.00-24.00) as well as in the morning (06.00-08.00 according to the WHO guideline. The density of Anophelenes (4 species) was calculated and its parity were determined by microscopic ovary dissection. The result showed that An.us in Giripurno was susceptible to P. falciparum with a sporozoite rate of 0.007%. However, CSP antigen of P. falciparum was not detected in the head-thorax of mosquitoes from Giritengah. An. Balabacensis in Giritengah was susceptible to P.falciparum with a sporozoite rate of 4.17%. Hoever , CSP antigen of P.falciparum was not detected in the head-thorax of mosquitoes from Giripurno. CSP antigen of P.vivax was also negative in the head-thorax of mosquitoes both from Giripurno and Giritengah villages. The propotion of An. Aconitus fed on human (Human Blood Index/HBI) was 10.34% in Giripurno and 5.97% in Giritengah. HBI of An.balabacensis and An.barbirostris were 37.50a5 and 5.88% respectively in Giritengah. The parity rate of An.aconitus and its density was found higher in Giripurno than in Giritengah. In contrast, the parity rate and density of An.balabacensis was found higher in Giritengah than Giripurno.

Ketwords: Malaria, sporozoite elisa, blood meals identification.

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VEKTORA: Jurnal vektor dan Reservoir Penyakit, 5 (

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Salatiga : Jurnal vektor dan Reservoir Penyakit., 2013

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10p

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2085-868x

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