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The risk factors of urinary tract infection among elementary school students in Sleman District, Yogyakarta Special Region

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Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the second commonest bacterial infection in Indonesian children after respiratory tract infection. In order to establish early diagnosis of UTI, it is important to recognize the risk factors of UTI in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between circumcision, personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, nutritional status, parents' educational level, socioeconomic status, constipation, and class attendance with incident of UTI and to determine its prevalence in elementary school students in Depok and Ngaglik Sub Districts, Sleman District, Yogyakarta Special Region.
It was a case-control study using stratified random sampling. Controls were matched with case groups based on school grade and gender. An early screening of UTI using dipstick was conducted, and continued with urine culture to confirm microorganims infection. The association between the risk factors and the incident of UTI was evaluated using a questionnaire for the students or their parents. Prevalence of UTI in elementary school students in Sleman District was 9.96% with pathogenic microorganisms namely Klebsiella (44.1 %), Echerichia coli (31.2%), and Pseudomonas (24.7%). Circumcision (OR = 8.00; 95%CI = 2.115-193.91; p = 0.039) was statistically significant as protective factor of UTI. Furthermore, poor personal hygiene (aOR = 4.314; 95% CI = 2.202-8.451; p = 0.000) and poor environmental sanitation (aOR = 2.481; 95% CI = 1.264-4.872; p = 0.008) were the high risk factors of UTI, whereas lower socioeconomic status and lo~er educational level of the parents were not significant risk factors of UTI. Other factors i.e. poor/fair nutritional status, constipatien and class attendance were not risk factors of UTI.
In conclusion, the prevalence of UTI in elementary school students in Sleman District is 9.96%. Circumcision is a protective factor of UTI, whereas poor personal hygiene and poor environmental sanitation are proven as risk factors of UTI.

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Series Title

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Call Number

Journal of the Medical Sciences, 44 (2) 2012 : 212

Publisher

Yogyakarta : FK Universitas Gajah Mada Yogyakarta., 2012

Collation

9p

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ISBN/ISSN

0126-1312

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Subject(s)

urinary tract infections
STUDENTS

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