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Host-parasite interactions and mechanisms of infection in amebiasis

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Arnebiasis is caused by £. tnstolytica. which is the only species pathogenic in humans, while the patbogeneicity of £. dispor and£. moshkuvskii is still unclear. The disease is endemic in the developing countries, mainly due to poor sanitation and lack of clean water supplies. Infection occurs by ingestion of£. histolytica cysts in fecally contaminated food or water. Excystation in the small intestine releases motile invasive trophozoites which migrate to the large intestine, adhere to the colonic epithelium by means of galactose and an amebic surface antigen, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-specific lectin. This results in killing ofepithelial cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes by the trophozoites, presumably through secretion of the pore-forming proteins called amebapores and activation of caspase 3. The trophozoite virulence factor, cysteine proteinase, induces an inflammatory response, resulting in neutrophil-mediated damage. Hemarogenous spread of trophozoites causes extraintestinal arnebiasis, particularly amcbic.jiver abscess (ALA), in the formation of which caspase J presumably also plays a role. The trophozoites in the liver induce tissue destruction, cellular necrosis and formation ofmicroabcesses that coalesce into a large solitary abscess in 65-75% of cases. Results from pediatric studies reveal that partial immunity is acquired after infection with Ehistotytica. the immunity however declining with age.

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Call Number

Universa Medicina, 29(2)2010: 104-113

Publisher

Jakarta : Trasakti University., 2010

Collation

10p.

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ISBN/ISSN

1907-3062

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Edition

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Subject(s)

amebiasis
HOST PARASITE RELATINS

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