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Estimating the Annual Cost of Smoking-Related Diseases in Indonesia

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Smoking plays a role in the development of chronic diseases and causes substantial negative economic con sequences. This study was carried out to estimate the annual cost of smoking-related cardio-cerebrovascular and pulmonary diseases in the population by taking into account the direct cosis associated with such co-morbid conditions in Indonesia. Meta-analysis using the Mix-Programme Software of the data of patients from university medical centers who were active smokers for more than a year and more than 20-pack years or pasive smokers for more than a year and diagnosis with Coronary Heart Disease, Myocardial Infarction, Stoke, COPD. Chronic bronchitis, or Lung Cancer had been conducted. Annual direct cost was taken into account using the Decision Analysis. Tree Age Pro (=DATA) softwere; cost data related in health care expenditure were derived from secondary data sources in Jakarta. In addition, Population Atributable Risk (PAR) for each comorbid conditions was calculatted based on published epidemiological data from local and international journals. One-hundred and eighty-seven patients (90% male) satisfying the inclusion criteria, were analyzed, of whom confirmed diagnosis of stroke was amongst 20% of the patients, CHD 16%, Mycordial Infarction 16%, Lung Cancer 15%, COPD 17%, and Chronic Bronchitis 7%. Mean direct annual cost was highest for Lung Cancer (Rp516 million) followed by Mycocardial infarction (Rp 38.5 million) and CHD (Rp 37.8 milllion); PAR for various co-morbid condition (based on variations in relative risk andsmoking prevalence estimates) were: Stroke -16%-26%, CHD -17%-27%, MCI-22%-33%, Lung Cancer -17%-26%, COPD-1%-21%, Chronic Bronchitis-42%-59%. Annual cost of smoking-related disease in Indonesia has been estimated. The highest cost is for Lung Cancer. The highest PAR is for Chronic Bronchitis.

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Series Title

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Call Number

Media Medika Indonesiana:43(5):247-253

Publisher

Surabaya : FK Diponegoro dan Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Jateng., 2009

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ISBN/ISSN

0126-1762

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Subject(s)

smoking
diseases

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