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Rabies: Diagnosis dan Penatalaksanaan (Rabies: Diagnosis and Management)

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Rabies is an acute viral infection affecting central nervous syste with 100% mortality. Rabies is a vaccine-preventale zoonotic disease, and safe and effective vaccines are available but it remains major health problem in Asia, Africa, South America. In Indonesia rabies, Africa, South America. In Indonesia rabies cases are reported from almost all provinces. Lack of vaccine and immune globulin availability and its cost make the majority did not get proper treatments. Mortality is reported approximately 55,000/year, mostly men (7:3), 3050% are children under 15 years. The most common biting animals are dogs (90%), mostly in lower extremities. Incubation period varies from 7 days to more than one year, mostly 1-3 months.Virus reaches central nerve system through peripheral nerves, multiplies in brain neuron and moves to motoric nerve systems. Clinical manifestations comprises 4 stages: prodomal, acute neurologic symptoms, central nerve system impairments, coma. Most patients show furious state, some show paralytic type. Death is due to cardiorespiratory failure. Diagnosis mostly based on very specific clinical presentations. Other examinations are viral isolation, RT-PCR, rapid fluorescent antibody test histopathologic examination. Management include patient isolation, early wound treatment, tetanus toxoid/immunoglobulin, antibiotics, anti rabies vaccine, anti rabies immunoglobulin, symptomatic and supportive treatments, treatments of complications. Early and proper treatments can give 100% survival; rate, but if virus has reached central nervous system mortality is 100%. Prevention measures are control in animals and wild dogs, animals vaccination, pre-exposure vaccination for high risk people, including travelers to endemic areas.

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Series Title

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Call Number

Cermin Dunia Kedokteran,36((6):417-421

Publisher

Jakarta : Kalbe Farma., 2009

Collation

5p.

Language

ISBN/ISSN

0125-913X

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Edition

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Subject(s)

RABIES
DAIGNOSIS

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