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Experience of Azithromycin Treatment for Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Children (Pengalaman Pengobatan Azitromisin pada Infeksi Saluran Napas Atas Anak)

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Open noncomparative clinical trial on 41 children with pharyngitis and bacterial tonsilopharyngitis has been conducted at Pediatric Departement National General Hospital Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta. After diagnosis, has been established azithromycin syrup of 10 mg/kg BW daily were administered, orally, single dose for 3 days subsequently to all of the children. Throat swab culture performed at the Clinical Pathology Department, National General Hospital Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta prior to and after the treatment. Clinical and microbiological responses, medical compliance and adverse effects were assessed. Patients comprised of 21 boys and 20 girls, mean age 3.8 years (6 months-11 years), mean body weight 12.7 (SD 5.8) kgs. Clinical responses on day three evaluation of 41 cases were 68.3 percent improvement and 31.7 percent recovered; whereas evaluation on end of treatment were 69.2 percent recovered, 23.1 percent improved and 7.7 percent failed. At the beginning of the therapy 92.7 percent cases had fever; 87.8percent fever was relieved and 7.7 percent failed. At beginning of the therapy 92.7 percent cases had fever 97.8 percent fever was relieved on day three evaluation and 86.8 percent at the end of treatment (p less than 0.05 x square = 50.2). Cough occured on 67.5 percent on admission, declined to 48.8 percent and 21.1 percent (p less than 0.05 x square = 17.0); 42.5 percent cases presented with mucus on admission, decreased up to 24.4 percent and 10.5 percent (p less than 0.05 x square = 10.13) respectively on day three and ten evaluation. Leukoccyte count significantly lowered from 10,483/ul to 8,760/ul respectively on admission and at the end of therapy (p less than 0.005 F=1.8). There were no difference onureum, alkaline phosphatase, or SGOT/SGPT. Microbiological isolation spectrum found S. viridans 36 percent, E. aerogenes 13 percent, K. pneumoniae 12 percent, E. coli 9 percent, Acinetobacter sp. 9 percent, S. aureus 5 percent, S. epidemidid 4 percent, E. cloacae 4 percent, P. mirabilis 2 percent, Ps. aeruginosa 2 percent, S. hemolyticus 2 percent, and Neisseria SP. 2 percent. At the end of treatment, microbiological responses encountered microorganism 65 percent eradiated, 19 percent superinfection, and 16 percent remained established. In this study drug compliance appeared on all patients and there were no clinical or laboratorial drug side effects. It was concluded from this clinical trial that or laboratorial drug side effects. tract infection of children this clinical trial that azithromycin treatment on upper respiratory tract infection of children showed good responses either clinically or microbiologically, high drug compliance and no drug side effect.

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Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia,46(12)1996:655-660

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: ., 1996

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respiratory tract infection

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