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Current Pattern of Bacterial Susceptibility to Antibiotic (Perkembangan Kepekaan Kuman terhadap Antimikroba saat ini)

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We reported the bacterial suscetibility pattern of 4.365 laboratory isolates during 1995. Fifty six species of bacteria were indentified, consisted of 11 gram positive spesies from 2002 isolates, and 45 gram negative species from 2,363 isolates. More than one fifth (22.96 percent) of the isolates, and 45 gram negative species from 2,363 isolates. More than one fifth (22.6 percent) of the isolates was S. viridans. Specimens for microbiological examination obtained from hospitals, private practices, and non hospital institutions, mostly were received as sputum, urine, pus, throat swab, ear secretes, and blood. Monitoring result of susceptibility testing of the isolates to antibiotics with 85 percent efficacy showed that penicillin, ampicillin and amoxyllin were active to S. viridans, S. anhemolyticus, diphteroids, S. betha-hemolyticus, S. pneumoniae, M. catarrhalis, and N. sicca; while in combination with betha-lactamase inhibitor, the activity of amphicillin and amoxcyllin to S. epidermiadis, S. aureus, and P. mirabilis were much better. Almost all spesies of gram positive isolates were sensitive to ticarcillin and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, except for sporoform bacteria which only showed 33.3 percent susceptibility to ticarcillin. Cephalexin showed efficacy less than 85 percent to almost all predominant spesies. It was recorded that between the antibiotics tested, only ceftazidime gave the highest effect to P. aeruginosa (81.5 percent). The efficacy of amikacin and gentamycin to E. coli were fairly good, while netilmycin was effective to almost all kinds of spesies in the overall isolates. Until now chloramphenicol showed high efficacy to S. typhosa. Daily bacterial isolates were resistant to tetracycline, trimethoprim, sulfonamide, cotrimoxazole, and eryhromycin. The quinolone group antibiotics, ciprofloxacin and ofoxacin, showed and irregular pattern, either constant, declining, or becoming more susceptible (increasing).

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Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia,46(9)1996:467-476

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: ., 1996

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antibiotics

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