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Low Birth Weight and its Influencing Factors (Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Bayi Lahir dengan Berat Badan Rendah)

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Efforts to improve human quality should start early from intra uterine growth which depends on the mothers health status including safe reproduction. Low birth is one of the risk factors that influences infant mortality especially during perinatal periods. The objective of this analysis is to study the factors which influence low birth weight such as socioeconomic characteristic (mothers education, mothers occupation, and economic status), biomedical factors (age, parity, pregnancy history) and antenatal care (frequency, assistance during antenatal care, gestational age at first antenatal) source of data for the analysis were obtained from the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS), 1994. The data were analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics (logistic-regression). The results showed that only 47.5 percent children born in the last five years preceeding the survey have their birth weight taken. Among children with recorded birth weight 7.1 percent have low birth weight. Twenty one percent of low birth weight infants were born premature. Four out of 9 variables which were suspected as risk factors were frequency of antenatal care less than 3 times (OR=1.40), mothers with only primary education (OR=1.29), mother aged less than 20 years (OR=1.28) and previous pregnancy history with abortion/ still birth (OR=1.38). Considering the above mentioned factors it is recommended: a) To promote health education especially to mothers from low sosio economic status particularly, about fetal growth and recognition of early signs of high risk, b) to start antenatal care in the first trimester with minimal frequency of 4 times during gestation period, c) plan the parity during the safe reproduction age (20-34 years), and d) to improve social and family supports by upgrading womans education level as well as economic status so that they have better access to health services.

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Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan,24(2 3)1996:38-54

Publisher

: ., 1996

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infant, low birth weight

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