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A Study Group on the Relation of Environmental Factor (Zn Deficiency) and Pregnancy (Cleft Lip Babies) in Nusa Tenggara Timur During 1986-1996 (Rangkaian Studi Hubungan Faktor Lingkungan (Defisiensi ZN) dan Hasil Kehamilan (Bayi Sumbing) di Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur 1986-1996)
Background: from 1986-1995, a study group of physical anomalies, mental retardation and growth Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya had perfomed reconstructive operations on 2500 Cleft Lips/Palate patients (CLP) in Nusa Tenggara Timur Province of Indonesia. Main objectives: a). To explore factors that contributes to the high prevalence of CLP. b). To find out the prover intervention of reducing high prevalence of CLP. Approach and model: Integrative interdisiplinary approach and biocultural model. The place of study: Nusa Tenggara Timur Province of Indonesia. Material and methods: Based on each of multiple specific objectives, The Material were the parents of CLP's children, community village, water supply, pregnant women as well as Timorese
Javanese volunteers. The design were case-control, participant observation, cross-sectional and experimental study. Findings: a) Epidemiology sub-study: Manggarai (Flores Island) and TTS (Timor Island) districts mapped the highest prevalence of CLP: The concentration of Zn serum in 39,2 percent pregnant women were low. B). Ecology sub-study: The Zinc concentration of water supply was extremely low. C). Anthropology sub-study: Food pattern and habits of pregnant women may increase maternal zinc deficiency; 1.1 percent of CL and 0.79 percent CP were the results of endogamy marriage d). Biomedical sub-study: the optimum daily requirement of zinc is 50 mg. conclusion: Environmental factors (endogamy marriage and maternal zinc deficiency) may also contribute to prevalence of CLP; An on going research: Table Zinco (KF) supplementation during pregnancy, effects on the progress and the outcome of pregnancy, 1996
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