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Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Pediatric Typhoid Fever Patients at the Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta in 1990-1994

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We reviewed all typhoid fever patients hospitalized in our department from January 1, 1990 until December 31, 1994. From 645 patients of typhoid fever diagnosed clinically, only 131 patients (20.3 percent) were confirmed bacteriologically, and 61 patients (9.5 percent) had sensitivity test result. The patient's age ranged from 2-13 years, 71 (54.2 percent) of them were females. From 131 patients, 94 (71.8 percent) patients had been treated with antibiotics before admission. Clinically, 68 (82.9 percent) from 82 patients who had been treated with chloramphenicol showed improvement. Only 1/9, 5/8, 1/2, 21/25 patients showed good clinical response to amoxycillin, co-trimoxazole, ampicillin, and ceftriaxone respectively. Results of sensitivity test showed that 91.8 percent sensitive to chloramphenicol, 96.6 percent ampicillin, 96.0 percen to amoxycillin, 93.2 percent co-trimoxazole, 89.6 percent to cefotaxime, 91.9 percent to ceftriaxone, 92.3 percent to ciprofloxacin, and 81.8 percent to aztreonam (81,8 percent). However there was no apparent synchronization between in vitro sensitivity with in vivo clinical response in 24 (39.3 percent) patients. This study indicates that chloramphenicol is still effective in pediatric typhoid fever treatment. In the other hand ceftriaxone, as a shortterm treatment was effective as an alternative antibiotic for typhoid fever treatment as conventional therapy.

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Paediatrica Indonesiana,36(9-10)1996:193-207

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: ., 1996

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antibiotics
typhoid

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