The aim of the study was to assess the clinical manifestations and survival rate in SLE patients in Malang. Sixty eight SLE patients hospitalized in dr Saiful Anwar General Hospital in 1985-1994 were studied retrospectively. All the patients fulfilled the revised ARA criteria. The results showed that the frequency of lupus manifestation were arthritis 92.7 percent, oral ulceration 86.8 percent,…
The aim of the study was to assess the profile of antiphospholipid antibodies (AP) in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Fifty pregnant women with RSA were studied compared with 52 healthy pregnant women as control. The results showed that the frequency of APA were significantly higher in pregnant women as control. The results showed that the frequency of APA were significantly…
Allergic rhinitis is a common diseases encountered by ENT specialist as well as general practitioner. Allergic rhinitis can be treated by allergen avoidance, immunotherapy, food neutralizing treatment, surgical intervention or symptomatic treatment. At present there are several combination of HI-antagonist, which do not easily penetrate the blood brain barrier such as laratadine pseudoephedrine…
Defence mechanism can be divided in two kinds of mechanism. The first is non specific and the second is specific mechanism. The first mechanism based on the non specific activities which mediated by macrophages and the second mechanism based on the activities of the immunocompetent cells and its effectors which consists of T cells, antibodies, cytokines and or interleukins. In nature there is s…