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Cross-infection through oral cavity could be occured at dental service facilities. Patients with poor oral hygiene are particualarly at high risk condition. One of the approaches to avoid direct contact to the microorganism is to reduce its population by rinsing the mouth with antiseptic chlorhexidine gluconate 0.12 percent immediately before having dental treatment. The use of this antiseptic …
The prevalence rate of Ascaris lumbricoides infection in urban slums of Jakarta is still high, especially in primary school children, ranging from 60 to 90 percent. An association between helminthic infection and educational achievement has long been recognized. This study was carried out in the northern part of Jakarta, namely the Koja and Pademangan district where the target schools were situ…
This study examined the comparison between pyrantel and albendazole, in terms of their effectiveness by once and twice yearly in school-age children. School children (n=507) were assigned randomly to four anthelminthic groups (pyrantel once or twice : albendazole once or twice) and a placebo group, according to gender and Ascaris lumbricoides eggs counts. Children received single doses of eithe…
This study reports on the usefulness of IgM anti phenolic glycolipid-1 (PGL-1) antibody detection using Mycobacterium leprae particle agglutination (MLPA) test in a schoolchildren survey compared with a community survey in leprosy endemic areas, Indonesia. Two villages with total registered persons 1729 and 3077 respectively were chosen to determine the seroprevalence of each village. Among 510…
A prospective study has been conducted on 102 underfives in Marunda. North Jakarta. The Focus of investigation was the mother's profile (reproductive pattern and schooling) and the underfive mortality. A disrepancy was found between the mother's perception and her adoption of the reproductive pattern, in the sence that although 55 percent of mothers had a good perception on reproduction, behavi…
To obtain an alternative drug regimen to reduce the complications and mortality of malaria, a comparative clinical trial of artemether and quinine in severe and complicated falciparum malaria patients was carried out at Balikpapan General Hospital, East Kalimantan, Indonesia, in 1993-1995. The objective of this study was to assess and compare the efficacy and safety of intramuscular artemether …
In Indonesia, prior studies to identify risk factors for hepatitis A have not provided prevalence estimates in the general population. This study was conducted to measure the prevalence of antibody to hepatis A virus (anti-HAV), and to identify high risk populations and risk factors in preparation for an immunization program. Using randomly selected households in Jakarta, 987 adults and adolesc…
The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effects of amlodipine once daily on 24-hours BP control, hormonal and renal hemodynamic parameters, in patients, in patients with essential hypertension. This study was was an open non-comparative study of amlodipine 5-10 mg once daily, which consisted of two phases : a 2-weeks placebo run-in period and an 8-week active treatment with amloidip…
Many epileptic patients complain of poor memory, especially those with complex partial seizures. Memory in epilepsy is reportedly influenced by several factors like seizure type, seizure frequency, age at onset of epilepsy, anti-epileptic medication, etc. However, the available data are somewhat confusing and do not provide any clear answers. In order to evaluate retrieval in epileptic patients…
In order to obtain an optimal therapeutic effect, some antihypertensive agents should be coadministered. We conducted a survey on prescriptions containing antihypertensive agents which were prescribed in the period of July, August and September 1994 in Medan. In the present study, it was found that 23.7 percent of the prescribtions (2555 sheets) contained some antihypertensive agents. whereas 5…